History of dehradun

Dehradun

History of Dehradun

It is believed that in Dvapar Yuga Guru Dronacharya meditated on Deodar mountain, 19 km east of Dehradun city near Diregaon . Due to this valley is called Dronashram . Kedarkhand is considered a part of Skandpuran. It describes the boundaries of Garhwal as follows - from Gangadwar-Haridwar to the Shwantanta mountain and the elaborate plots from the Tamsa-Tons river to Nanda Devi at Budhanchal-Baghan on which the Ganges flows on one side and the Yamuna River on the other. The flow of Tamsa also passes through Dehradun.

From the Ramayana period, there is a description about Dehradun that Lord Rama and his younger brother Lakshman came to this area after the war with Ravana. The British writer GRC Williams, in the Memoirs of Doon, mentions Brahmin Janushruti, that after the victory of Lanka, the Brahmin came here with Lord Rama Lakshmana on the advice of Guru Vashistha to atone and kill Ravana. Rama did penance for years in Rishikesh and Lakshman in Tapovan for freedom from sin.

Similarly, Rishikesh under Dehradun district is also mentioned in Skandpuran that Lord Vishnu gave this land to the sages by killing demons like Madhu-Katabh etc. on the prayer of the sages suffering from the demons. There is also a description about this area in the Puranas that Rama's brother Bharata also did penance here. Bharat Mandir was built on the place of penance. Later, the city of Rishikesh developed around this temple. Archaeologically, the establishment of the Bharata temple is hundreds of years old. In the Skanda Purana, there is a reference to Acharya Drona being shown by Lord Shiva on the banks of the Tamsa River and imparting knowledge of weapons science. It is also said that on the request of lactation by Ashwaththama, son of Acharya Drona, Lord Shiva fulfilled the desire of the child by dropping milk on the Shiva lingam which appeared in the cave on the banks of Tamsa. This place is a famous temple of Tapkeshwar Mahadev located in Garhi Cantonment area. Is told. In the Mahabharata period, the western region of Dehradun, which includes the present day Kalsi, was ruled by King Virat and its capital was Vairatgarh. The Pandavas changed disguise during the exile and stayed with King Virat. There is a temple in this area about which people say that it was founded by the Pandavas. There is also a hill in the same area where Bhima killed Keechaka who was fascinated on Draupadi. When the ruler of Kauravas and Trigata attacked King Virat, the Pandavas helped him.

Even after the battle of Mahabharata, the Pandavas continued to dominate the region and the descendants of Subahu ruled here as subordinate rulers of the rulers of Hastinapur. In the Puranas, ancient temples and idols or their ruins have been found in the places of Dehradun district which have been associated with Ramayana and Mahabharata times. The period of these temples and idols and ruins is usually around two thousand years and around. The state of the region and the social traditions that existed since ancient times, Folk legends and songs and contemporary literature standing by their confirmation show that this region has been witness to many events of Ramayana and Mahabharata period. The receipt of Ashoka's inscription at Kalsi on the banks of the river Yamuna confirms that this region must have been very rich. In the seventh century, the region was also visited by the Chinese traveler Xuanzang, famous as Sudhanagar. It was only later that Sudhanagar came to be known as Kalsi. The ruins of the time of King Rasal have been found in Haripur, near Kalsi, indicating the prosperity of the region. The Banjaras settled in the Doon region about eight hundred years ago. After he settled down, the region started paying taxes to the Raja of Garhwal. After some time Ibrahim bin Mahmud Ghaznavi attacked on this side. Banjaras had settled in Doon region. After he settled down, the region started paying taxes to the Raja of Garhwal. After some time Ibrahim bin Mahmud Ghaznavi attacked on this side. Banjaras had settled in Doon region. After he settled down, the region started paying taxes to the Raja of Garhwal. After some time Ibrahim bin Mahmud Ghaznavi attacked on this side.

Even more terrible was Timur's attack. In 1368, Timur fought King Brahmadatta near Haridwar. The kingdom of Brahmadatta was between the Ganges and the Yamuna. Timur entered Dehradun from the Mohand Pass crossing the Ganges from Bijnor district. When defeated, Timur got mercilessly beaten, he also got a lot of money in the loot. After this, there was no robber here for many centuries. In the time of Shah Jahan, again a Mughal army came here. At that time Prithvi Shah's kingdom was in Garhwal. Fateh Shah, the great-grandson of this king, had simultaneously mounted Tibet and Saharanpur for the purpose of extending the boundary of his kingdom, but according to the documents of history he had to face defeat in the war. Around 1756, Sri Guru Ram Rai entered the Doon region with his army and disciples and settled here permanently, laying the foundation of Darbar Sahib.

The population of Doon began to increase gradually with the arrival of Gujars and Rajputs. Garhwal state's income also started to increase due to increase in population and food yield. Seeing the prosperity of Dehradun, Ruhela Sardar Najibuddaula attacked in 1757. The Garhwal kingdom failed to stop this attack, as a result of which Dehradun went into the hands of the Mughals. Najab Khan, the then ruler of Dehradun, tried hard to expand its enclave. He helped the local bodies to get the mango trees planted, the canals dug and the level of farming improved, but after the death of Naj Khan, the condition of the farmers again became poor.

The movement of Sikhs had also increased due to Guru Ram Rai Darbar. Thus, once again the glory of Dehradun started spreading as a prosperous region. In 1785 Ghulam Qadir attacked the region. This time there was a big attack. On his return, Ghulam Qadir made Umaid Singh the governor. While Ghulam Qadir was alive, Umaid Singh did not let Swami devotion fall, but in his death in 1796 Ummed Singh made a treaty with Garhwal king Pradyuman Shah.

Chaos in Dehradun continued until 1801. Pradyuman Shah's son-in-law Harisingh Guleria was at the forefront of persecuting the subjects of Doon. Due to the chaos, the annual income of Doon was reduced from one lakh to just eight thousand rupees. Pradyuman Shah's ministers Rama and Dharani had started efforts to improve the system of Doon, that Pradyuman Shah's brother Parakram Shah killed him. Now the power of Dehradun came into the hands of Purn Singh of Sahaspur, But that too could not improve the system. Parakram Shah sent his minister Shivaram Saklani to Dehradun with the intention of protecting his interests. The princely state of Tehri had given a jagir to the Saklana belt for showing valor in the Rohila war to Sheesh Ram, ancestor of Shivram Saklani. Under all these, Ummed Singh remained the Governor of Dehradun. He was a clever politician, for this reason, Pradyuman Shah married one of his daughters with him and appointed him as their permanent ruler. At the time of the Gorkha invasion in 1803, Ummed Singh is said to haveIntroduced opportunism in such a way that he was not seen standing in favor of his father-in-law during the war. Due to his wealth, Dehradun had to fall prey to the plunder of robbers and the tendency of dictators from time to time.

In 1760, the Gorkhas attacked Garhwal after conquering Almora. The king of Garhwal started paying twenty five hundred rupees as an annual tax to the Gorkhas, But despite getting so much attention, in 1803 the Gorkhas waged war with the Garhwali army. The Gorkhas were conquered and their jurisdiction extended to Dehradun. The East India Company sent British troops from the Mohand and Timli passes to free Dehradun from the influence of the Gorkhas. The British used force to drive out the Gorkhas and thus established their dominance in Dehradun. He settled the cities of Landor and Mussoorie in 1827–28 for his comfort. For some time, Dehradun district remained in the Kumaon Commissionerate i.e. Mandal, then it was merged with Meerut. Today it is in Garhwal division. It was included in the Garhwal division in the 1970s. Dehradun, the temporary capital of Uttaranchal [now Uttarakhand], was carved out of Uttar Pradesh in 2000. After becoming the capital, the size of this city is continuously increasing.

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